3.0 to 7.0 childrenper woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources tocare for their families.Why do they have so many children?Why don't
they limit the sizeof the family?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There areseveral reasons for this.
One reason iseconomic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families arehelpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields andsomeone to take
care of the parentsin old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different. Many childrendo not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has
generally broughtdown the birth rate.This was the case in
poor,largelyagricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidlymodernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate
had dropped to 3children per woman,the world's lowest.
However,the economyis not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia, forexample,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the
highest per capitaincomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birthrate(7.0).Mexico and
agricultural economies,butthey have recently reduced their population growth.
Clearly,otherfactors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.Ahigh birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and lowstatus
for women.This wouldexplain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture giveswomen little education or independence and few possibilities outside the
home.On the otherhand,the improved condition of womnen in
taken measures toprovide more education and opportunities for women.
Another key factorin the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families buthave no way to do so. In countries where governments have made birth control
easily available andinexpensive ,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,SriLanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these
countries,women havealso been provided with health care and help in planning their families.
These trends showthat an effective programn to reduce population growth does not have to dependon better economic conditions. It can be effective if it aims to help women
and meet theiineeds.Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success.
A.agriculturalcountry with a high birth rate
B.agriculturalcountry with a low birth rate
C.industrializedcountry with a low birth rate
D.industrializedcountry with a high birth rate
[单选题]In many of thedevelopinlg countries in Africa and Asia,the population is gr
[单选题]In many of thedevelopinlg countries in Africa and Asia,the population is gr
[单选题]In many of thedevelopinlg countries in Africa and Asia,the population is gr
[单选题]In many of thedevelopinlg countries in Africa and Asia,the population is gr
[单选题]E.The need to feed a growing population is putting much pressure on the world’s supply of water. With 97% of the world’s water too salty to be drunk or used in agriculture, the worldwide supply of water needs careful management, especially in agricul
[试题]4 Global Imaging is a fast growing high tech company with some 100 employees which aims to double in size over thenext three years. The company was set up as a spin out company by two research professors from a major universityhospital who now act as
[单选题]In Britain and many other countries appraisal is now a tool of management.A.evaluationB.efficiencyC.productionD.publicity
[单选题]In many modern countries, children go to school______.A. by free educationB. to be able to marryC. to work for societyD. to rid themselves of "low" work
[单选题]Growing levels ofpollution represent a serious health [hazard] to the local
[单选题]Growing levels ofpollution represent a serious [health] hazard to the local